Marine Museum of the Great Lakes in Kingston – Library

Boyd, Marion Calvin. The Story of Garden Island. Kingston: Brown and Martin, 1983.

• Gives a general history of the Island that was one of the largest shipbuilding and timber rafting centres of the Upper St. Lawrence
• Describes life living on the Island with all the activity taking place around the shipping industry that was booming in the 19^th century, so much that this small island became an incorporated village
• Contains many picture, particularly of the rafts that went down the St. Lawrence
• (p. 1) Used as a burial place by Indians, bones and relics have been found
• (p.3) 1855 – 1880 Calvin and Breck firm
• (p. 11) 1887 the Calvin Company was formed
• (p. 27) Ice-boats used to cross the water to Kingston or Wolfe Island

Butts, Edward. Outlaws of the Lakes: Bootlegging and Smuggling, from Colonial Times to Prohibition. Toronto: Lynx Images, 2004.

• A very comprehensive look at the history of bootlegging and smuggling in Canada
• Although its primary focus is on the Great Lakes, a large portion of this relates to the Upper St. Lawrence and the Thousand Islands as this area was intertwined with the smuggling of Lake Ontario
• The Smugglers, Part 1: Defying the Crown and Congress
• Smuggling in the War of 1812 discusses the continuation of trade across the river which was deemed illegal because of the war
• (p.27, 30) Men, some of the military and militia, openly walked the streets of Ogdensburg and Prescott purchasing and shipping across the river during the US embargo on British goods leading up to the war of 1812 (1808) and smugglers flourished during the war as those along the water against the war depended on goods of their border friends
• Customs Men, the Smugglers Nemesis looks at particular stories of some customs agents in the 19^th century; one of which includes the story of a Maitland Customs Collector, John Verner and another of Officer Anthony Dixon and his posse at Brockville who surprised notorious smuggler, Chamberlain, 1852; a melee ensued and one smuggler lay dead, the officer’s posse winning the day
• (p.123-126) Stephen Wesley, prohibition smuggler running whiskey and beer in the Thousand Islands who disappeared mysteriously one night on the St. Lawrence and was never seen again, 1929

Clark, John E. and Robert Stacey. Frances Ann Hopkins, 1838 – 1919: Canadian Scenery. Thunder Bay: Thunder Bay Art Gallery, 1990.

• A showcase collection of hundreds of Hopkins work on the Canadian landscape
• May prove useful when looking to include artwork in final production and is also an example of riparian visual art
• Of note: (p.83) Timber Raft, 1868, (p.77) Timber Raft on the St. Lawrence, (p.58) Working a Canoe up a Rapid and other rapid shooting paintings

Cosgrove, Winston M. Wolfe Island: Past and Present. 1973.

• Cosgrove gives a brief, but rare, history of Wolfe Island from a anecdotal and local perspective with unique caricatures and life on the large island at the head of the St. Lawrence
• The Iroquois name was Ganounkousenot (long island standing up) and the French called it Grand Isle
• Discusses the original and change of ownership of the island and its subsequent settlement
• (p.8) First serious settlement began in 1823
• (p.56) Describes Minnie the Horse, an old mare who was sent alone back and forth across the ice bringing produce etc.

Hunt, C.W. Booze, Boats, and Billions: Smuggling Liquid Gold. Toronto: McClelland and Stewart, 1988.

• Describes the rum-running days in the 1920s from Canadian distilleries to thirsty America
• Deals predominately with the Great Lakes, in particular Lake Ontario, but touches on the St. Lawrence, including Wiser’s Distillery at Prescott
• (p.24, 79) Wiser’s, being on the water, was a main source for the rum-runners
• Describes Norm Conley of Wolfe Island, a rum-runner and bootlegger who moved whiskey and ale across the St. Lawrence from Wolfe Island to Cape Vincent (p.174)
• (p.303) Large quantities of beers were trucked in from Montreal to places like Kingston (i.e. Molson) and shipped out along the St. Lawrence and Head of Lake Ontario

McCarney, Hal. Chess with Violence: Rum-running in the 1000 Islands. Kingston: Brown and Martin, 1992.

• A novel of fiction, it is inspired by the smuggling of the prohibition days in the 1920’s and may act as an example of romantic river literature

Stephens, George Washington. The St. Lawrence Waterway Project. Montreal: Louis Carrier, 1930.

• Prescient of the coming seaway, Stephens work looks at the history of the waterway of the St. Lawrence form boundaries and canals to arguments for the expansion and development of an international waterway
• (p.31) Describes the Treaty of Ghent, 1814, which created the national boundary running through the St. Lawrence, which had been previously established in the Treaty of Paris, 1783
• (p.34) The Oregon Boundary Treaty of 1846 created another potential for conflict and spurred the construction of the redoubts at Kingston
• (p.37) The Treaty of Reciprocity of 1854 opened up free navigation of the St. Lawrence and allowed U.S. ships to use the canals through Canada Ease (Quebec) and West (Ontario). The treaty was terminated by the U.S. in 1866
• (p.40) Free navigation was renewed with the Treaty of Washington in 1871
• (p. 45) Describes the international Boundary Waters Treaty of 1909 - followed the 1908 Treaty of Demarcation of International Boundaries, 1908 - which would set a global precedent for water boundary negotiations and national rights. Created the International Joint Commission
• Ch. V looks at the history of the negotiations of the St. Lawrence Waterway Project between 1832 and 1929 with an analysis of four major periods of
• Ch. VI Gives a brief history of canals in Canada and surveys those of the Upper St. Lawrence
• (p.266) The Cornwall Canals; first discussion for their construction was in 1816 and work begun in 1834 and opened in 1843 and an enlargement was completed in 1900
• (p. 267) Williamsburg Canals; Farran Point, Rapide Plat, and the Galop. Begun in 1844, the one lock at Farran Point was completed in 1847, the two locks at Rapide Plat was completed in 1847 and the Galop Canal, which avoids the Pointe aux Iroquois, Point Cardinal and Galop rapids was completed in 1846 and 1847, being comprised, originally, of the Iroquois and Galop canals.